Summary
1. A quadratic equation in the variable $x$ is of the form ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$, where $a$, $b$,$c$ are real numbers and $a ≠ 0$. 2. A real number $α $ is said to be a root of the quadratic equation ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$, if $aα^2 + bα + c = 0$. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$ and the roots of the quadratic equation ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$ are the same. 3. If we can factorise ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$, into a product of two linear factors, then the roots of the quadratic equation ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$ can be found by equating each factor to zero. 4. A quadratic equation can also be solved by the method of completing the square. 5. Quadratic formula: The roots of a quadratic equation ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$ are given by ${-b±√{b^2-4ac}}/{2a}$,provided $b^2 – 4ac ≥ 0$. 6. A quadratic equation ${ax^2 + bx + c = 0}$ has (i) two distinct real roots, if $b^2 – 4ac ≥ 0$., (ii) two equal roots (i.e., coincident roots), if $b^2 – 4ac = 0$., and (iii) no real roots, if $b^2 – 4ac < 0$. 7.Important: Relative Speed. When two bodies move in opposite direction, then their relative speed = $v_1 + v_2$. When two bodies move in same direction, then their relative speed = $v_1 - v_2$. Where $v_1$ and $v_2$ are the speed of bodies. 8.Important: Relative Speed. If the spped of the boat in still water be $x$ km/h and the speed of stream by $y$ km/h, then the relative speed of the boat is as follows: Speed of boat in upstream direction (i.e opposite to the flow of stream)= $(x-y)$ km/hr Speed of boat in downstream direction (i.e along then direction of flow of stream)= $(x+y)$ km/hr